What are 'ceramides', which we often see in the ingredient lists of skincare products? Why are they so important for our skin? Ceramides are lipid, i.e., fat molecules, that make up the outermost layer of the skin (stratum corneum) and are the fundamental building blocks of the skin barrier.
The Skin Barrier and the Role of Ceramides
You can think of the skin barrier as the mortar that holds the bricks (skin cells) together. The most important substance that makes up this mortar is ceramides. A healthy skin barrier:
- Keeps the skin moist, preventing water loss.
- Protects the skin against external factors such as bacteria, pollution, and allergens.
- Makes the skin look smooth, plump, and healthy.
What Happens in Ceramide Deficiency?
Factors such as age, sun damage, and harsh cleansers can reduce the skin's ceramide production. When ceramide levels drop, the skin barrier weakens and the following problems arise:
- Extreme dryness, flaking, and tightness
- Sensitivity, redness, and itching
- Predisposition to skin conditions like eczema and dermatitis
- The skin looking duller and older
Who Are Ceramide-Containing Products Suitable For?
Ceramides are beneficial for all skin types. However, they are indispensable especially for dry, sensitive, eczematous, and mature skin. Including moisturizers, serums, and cleansers containing ceramides in your skincare routine to repair and strengthen the skin barrier will help your skin regain its health.